Education
- Juris Doctor, University of San Diego, 1979
- Master of Social Work, Bryn Mawr College, 1963
- Bachelor of Arts, Wellesley College, 1961
Bar Admittance
- State of California, 1979
- Supreme Court of California, 1979
- United States District Court, Southern District of California, 1979
- United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit, 1985
- United States District Court, Central District of California, 1989
- United States District Court, Eastern District of California, 1989
Alternative Dispute Resolution Training
- National Conflict Resolution Center, 32 hours of Mediation Skills Training, 2009
- American Arbitration Association, Annual Advanced ADR Programs since 2000